Inner tube for pneumatic tires.



H. N. WAYNE.

INNERi TUBE FOR PNEUMATIC TIRES. vM `PL|CAT10N FILED APR. 15, 191s. 1,297,279, Patented Mar. 11,1919

.0 2..., w W W w .05:11 .M W m w Ww l m mm .E ,f M w UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIcE.

HERBERT N. WAYNE, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO ARMORCORD TIRE @c RUBBER C0., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

INNER TUBE FOR PNEUMATIC TIRES.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HERBERT N. WAYNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles, State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Inner Tubes for Pneumatic Tires, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to inner tubes to carry air pressure inside pneumatic tires; and the general object of this invention is the provision of an improved reinforced inner tube strong enough in itself to resist rupture by internal pressure should the outer casing of the tire be ruptured; and it is a further object to providecertain articular improvements in such a kind o inner tube, providing strength for the inner tube and at the same time kallowing for proper expansibility of the innertube to com letely fill the outer casing. It is also an o ject to provide an inner tube construction in which transverse or lateralexpansion of the vtube when .within the casing will cause linear circumferential adjustment and contraction of the tube around the rim upon which it is mounted.

The invention, its features, and the manner in which it accomplishes its objects, will be best understood from the following description reference being had for this purpose to the accompanying drawings Figure 1, is a perspective view of a section of inner tube constructed in accordance with l the invention and showing one form thereof,

the outer layer of rubber being removed for purposes of disclosing the reinforcement;

Fig. '2, is a cross section yof the improved tube 1n place in an outer casing;

Fig. 3, is a reduced elevation of the tube;.

Fig.' 4, is a perspective view of the tube and showing the preferred form of the invention, the same being shown with the outer layer of rubber removed. v

In the drawings, I illustrate a tube construction whose primary feature is a series of diagonally arranged crossed cords and 11, laid in the rubber 12, which forms the body of the tube, so as to be separated from contact with each other by a body of rubber,

and which provides a longitudinally extending zone, preferably in the rim or inner portion, designated as zone Z1, in which the cords are laid to form acute angles length- Speeicatlon of Letters Patent.

Application mea April 15,'91`s. i serial m. 228,692.

wise of the tube and thus give to the cords a general, lengthwise direction, though diagonal of the tube. The purpose of this arrangement of the cords is to allow in this zone the freest lateral expansibility and a consequent adjustable contractibility length- Wise of the tube when confined and inflatedV within the tire casing. The remaining portion of the tube, designated Z2., providesv a zone suitably reinforced against blowouts, while providing efficient resiliency around the tread portion and the side walls, by the employment of transversely arranged cords 13, as shown in Fig. 1, but preferably by the diagonal arrangement of cords 13a and 13b, as shown in Fig. 4, which illustrates the preferred form of the invention. When the cords are arranged as in Fig. 1, the lateral -eXpa-nsibility vof ,the tube in zone Z2 is restricted, and the expansibility unrestricted lengthwise of the tube unless confined within a casing, in which event further eXpansibility is arrested on the outer circumference, causing any additional air pressure in the tube to be exerted downward against the portion represented by the zone Z1, and when the internal air pressure is thus exerted on the portion Z1, the tendency is to cause lateral expansion in said zone` with consequent longitudinal contraction throughout that zone. When the cords are arranged as in the preferred form shown in Fig. 4, the diagonally crossed cords in zone Z2, provide for lateral expansibility the same asin zone Z1, but in a less degree, and although the eXpansibility of these crossed cords in said zone Z2, is limited by the outer casing in the same manner as the straight, transversely arranged cords described in reference to Fig. 1, they provide for greater elasticity in all directions and a freer proportionate lateral expansibility is pro.

vided than in zone Z1, while any requisite expansibility and contractibility is provided lengthwise of the tube as the same may be called into action' for its adjustment within' the tire casing when the tube is inflatedv ,A

yielding to the inequalitiestherein, or .when of the road surface.

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rthe cords i3, in llig. l, or the cords 13a and 13b in Fig. il, may or may not be connected with tne cords l0 and 1l; but preferably the ends of the cords i3 or 13 and i3 merely overlap or pass the ends of cords 10 and 11, thereby providing an intermedlate longitudinal zone on each side ot the tube, having a greater degree ot reinforcement at the points Where it is most needed, and also providing an area of restricted elasticity in which the cord loops are anchored.

llrom the foregoing it will be seen that an effectively reinforced inner tube is provided Which by reason of the fact that the rein-Y forcing cords are in the form of loops that only partly surround the tube, and being in two series, for each zone with the cords crossing in their respective Zones, the desired reintorcenicnt is present without loss of resiliency, and that by virtue of the angle at which the cords cross each other in each zone a diderential of lateral expansion is provided, so that the resistance ot the cords in the outer, or zone Z2, which allow alim` ited expansion laterally owing to their diagonal arrangement, will be supplemented with a cooperative and similar lateral eX- pansion taking place in zone Z1 but with much ireer action owing to the arrangement of the cords therein. Also it will be seen that incidental to the transverse expansion there is provided a constricting adjustment longitudinally, the degree orn which in each Zone depends upon the angle at which the cords of each Zone cross each other, and that this ccnstricti'ng adjustment therefore may be of either a temporary or permanent character in the outer zone under the action of the tube in being inflated, according to the degree oi angularity present in the crossing cord and the degree and distribution of the pressure within the incased tube.

There may be two or more series or courses of transverse cords 13, two onlybeingindicated in the drawing. Furthermore, l may place a layer et' seine suitable fabric as stoclrinet, on the inner circumference of the tube at 15,'inore lor less commensurate with the exten-t of the diagonal cords. rlliis tab ric is arranged so that its direction of eX- p'ansibility is 'transverse of the tube and its direction of non-expansibility is longitudinal or circumferential of the tube. This fabric will be exposed, being preferably only partially embedded in the rubber, and will protect and strengthen the rubber oii the tube at this point.

l do not, in the broad conception .of my invention desire to limit myself to the spe- Ciic details shown and described, except as specifically stated in the claims as the measure and scope of the claims, but reserve the right to employ all such modifications and variations as may fallwithl. th@ Scope thereneonato generally in the construction of .cord tire casings.

Having described a preferred torni of my invention, l claim:

l. A tube comprising an elastic wall and I means incorporated with said wall whereby to cause the inner and the outer circumlierential 'parts to have each a diderent degrec or longitudinal contraction ot the elastic material of the wall as the tube is inflated within the casing.

2. A tube comprising an elastic wall, and cords' arranged diagonally of the length ot the tube to cause longitudinal contraction of the tube when the tube expands laterally.

3. A tube comprising an elastic wall, and a plurality et series of crossed cords diagonel to the length or" the tube embeddedin the elastic wall.

ll. An intlatable tire tube having embedded in the walls `thereof means normali stretched along lines diagonal of the length of the tube, partly surrounding the tube, and rendered inelastic in said diagonal direction, whereby to permit ezpan'sibility ol2 the tube in a lateral direction and a consequent constricting action lengthwise thereoi, as and for the purpose set forth.

5. in annular'v tube comprising an elastic wall, a plurality of series oir crossed cords diagonal to the length of the tube incorporated with the inner circumferential part oithe tube wall, and cords incorporated with the outer circumferential part ot the tube wall. f

6. Atube comprising an eltic wall, a plurality et series of crossed cords incorporated with the inner circumferential 'of the tube wall, said cords being laid di agonally of the tube and in a general longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality oi series of crossed cords incorporated with the cuter part el the tube wall, said cords being laid diagonally ci the tube and in a general transverse direction thereof.,

7. An annular tube comprising an elastic wall, means incorporated with the inner portion of the wall adapted toprovide lateral expansion withl consequent longitudinal contracting adjustment and reintorcing means incorporated with the outer circum- :terential portion or said wall adapted to provide lesser expansibility in the ou r circumferential part than in the inner circumiterential part.

8. A tube ycoinprising an elastic wall, means incorpora-ted in the outer circumferential part oi said wall, and means incorporated in the inner circurutereutial part oi? said wall, whereby to cause transverse expansibility in each with a lesser degree of expansibility in the outer circumferential part than in the inner circumferential part when the tube is iniatcd.

9. A tube having an elastic Wall with series of crossed cords embedded in the outer circumferential section of said wall and series of crossed cords embedded in the inner circumferential section of said wall, the

cords in the inner circumferential section being laid at an angle different to the cords inthe outer circumferential section thereby varying the degree of expansibility of the two sectlons.

10. An annular tube comprising an elastic wall, a plurality of series of crossed cords diagonal to the length of the tube incorporated with the inner circumferential part of the tube wall, and cords incorporated with the outer circumferential part of the tube wall; the two series of cords overlapping each other at the edges of the inner and outer circumferential parts of the tube, So that the tube is there reinforced by both series of cords.

11. A tube comprising an elastic wall, a plurality of series of cross cords incorporated with the inner circumferenti-al part of the tube Wall, said cords being laid diagonally of the tube in a general longitudinal direction, and a plurality of series of cross cords incorporated with the outer circumferential part of the tube Wall, said cords being diagonally of the tube in a general transverse direction thereof, the tw-o series of cords overlapping each other at the edges of the inner and outer circumferential parts of the tube, so that the tube is there reinforced by both series of cords.

12. A tube comprising an elastic Wall, series of crossed cords incorporated in the outer circumference of said wall and series of crossed cords incorporated in the inner circumferential part of said Wall, the series of cords in the outer circumferential part being laid at a different angle to the cords in the vinner circumferential part.

13. A tube com rising an elastic wall, series of crossed cords incorporated in the outer circumferential part of said Wall and series of crossed cords incorporated in the inner circumferential part of said wall, the cords in the outer circumferential part being laid at a diiferent angle to the cords in the inner circumferential part, to cause a lesser degree of lateral expansi'bility in the outer circumferential part than in the inner circumferential part when the tube is inflated.

14. An annular tube comprising an elastic wall and means incorporated with an outer circumferentialpart of said wall to cause longitudinal contraction of the outer circumferential part of the tube when the tube expands laterally, said means embodying a plurality of series of crossed cords embeddelgi;JJ in the wall diagonal to the length of the tu| 15. An annular tube comprising an elastic wall, series of crossed cords incorporated m the inner circumferential portion of the tube wall, said cords being laid in a general longitudinal direction of the tube at an an-gle to cause greatercontractlon around the inner circumference than around the outer circumference of the tube when the tube is iniated and expanded laterally, and series of crossed cords incorporated with the outer circumferential part of the tube Wall, said cords being laid in a general transverse direction of the tube at an angle to cause lesser contraction around the outer circumference than around the inner circumference of the tube when the tube is inflated and expanded laterally.

In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this 5th day of April, 1918.

HERBERT N. WAYNE.

Witness VIRGINIA I. BERINGER. 

